TKP4190 - Fabrikasjon og anvendelse av nanomaterialer - Sideversjonshistorikk

Birgela på 4. nov. 2016 kl. 15:16

2016-11-04T15:16:10Z

← Eldre sideversjon		Sideversjonen fra 4. nov. 2016 kl. 15:16
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	[[Kategori:Fag 8. semester]]		[[Kategori:Fag 8. semester]]
	[[Kategori:Fag]]		[[Kategori:Fag]]
			[[Kategori:Faglige_notater]]

Birgela: /* Drug delivery */

2016-06-10T19:02:59Z

Drug delivery

@@ Linje 685: / Linje 685: @@
 * Antibacterial: Adheres to and damages bacterial cell membranes
 * Photodynamic therapy: Photoactivated, generates reactive oxygen species
 ==Core-shell structures==

Birgela: /* Dendrimers as drugs */

2016-06-10T18:41:32Z

Dendrimers as drugs

← Eldre sideversjon		Sideversjonen fra 10. jun. 2016 kl. 18:41
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	* Biologically degradable		* Biologically degradable

	====Dendrimers as drugs====		===Dendrimers as drugs===
	* Antiviral: Competes with cells for viruses. Can inhibit influenza, herpex simplex, HIV.		* Antiviral: Competes with cells for viruses. Can inhibit influenza, herpex simplex, HIV.
	* Antibacterial: Adheres to and damages bacterial cell membranes		* Antibacterial: Adheres to and damages bacterial cell membranes

Birgela på 10. jun. 2016 kl. 18:34

2016-06-10T18:34:00Z

← Eldre sideversjon		Sideversjonen fra 10. jun. 2016 kl. 18:34
Linje 3:		Linje 3:

	Emnet tar videre for seg metoder for framstilling av katalysator og katalysatorbærere basert på utfelling, samt andre metoder som har spesiell relevans i forhold til katalysatorenes nanostruktur og funksjonalitet, for eksempel sol-gel og kolloidbasert framstilling. Relevante eksempler der stor betydning av partikkel- eller porestørrelse er påvist gjennomgår (Au, Co, Ni- katalysator og karbon nanofibre (CNF)). Det gis også en kort innføring i katalytiske modellsystemer og overflatevitenskap og deres eksperimentelle og teoretiske anvendelse innen katalyse.		Emnet tar videre for seg metoder for framstilling av katalysator og katalysatorbærere basert på utfelling, samt andre metoder som har spesiell relevans i forhold til katalysatorenes nanostruktur og funksjonalitet, for eksempel sol-gel og kolloidbasert framstilling. Relevante eksempler der stor betydning av partikkel- eller porestørrelse er påvist gjennomgår (Au, Co, Ni- katalysator og karbon nanofibre (CNF)). Det gis også en kort innføring i katalytiske modellsystemer og overflatevitenskap og deres eksperimentelle og teoretiske anvendelse innen katalyse.
			=Pensumlitteratur=
			* Alle bøker er tilgjengelig som e-bok gjennom innsida
			* En god del forskningsartikler som blir lastet opp på its-learning
			* Pensumoversikten under (sist oppdatert i 2016)
	=Lenker=		=Lenker=
	*[http://www.ntnu.no/studier/emner/TKP4190/2013#tab=omEmnet NTNUs fagbeskrivelse]		*[http://www.ntnu.no/studier/emner/TKP4190/2013#tab=omEmnet NTNUs fagbeskrivelse]

	=Pensum Del I (Jens-Petter Andreassen)=		=Pensum Del I (Jens-Petter Andreassen)=
	==Crystallization fundamentals==		==Crystallization fundamentals==

Birgela: /* New drug delivery vectors */

2016-06-10T17:39:25Z

New drug delivery vectors

@@ Linje 601: / Linje 601: @@
 * For larger sizes, variations across the size of object must be considered
-==New drug delivery vectors==
+==Drug delivery==
-* Desirable size: 10-30 nm for access to nucleus
+Pharmacology-pharmacodynamics-pharmacokinetics-pharmacogenetic
 * Active vs passive
-=== Approaches===
+The golden rules for Drug Delivery
 * Viral: proteines, peptides
 ** Very efficient
@@ Linje 644: / Linje 675: @@
 * Can be used to carry chemotherapeutic agents with little risk
 * Biologically degradable
 ====Dendrimers as drugs====
@@ Linje 657: / Linje 680: @@
 * Antibacterial: Adheres to and damages bacterial cell membranes
 * Photodynamic therapy: Photoactivated, generates reactive oxygen species
 ==Core-shell structures==

Birgela: /* Pensum Del III (Sulalit Bandyopadhyay) */

2016-06-10T17:11:01Z

Pensum Del III (Sulalit Bandyopadhyay)

@@ Linje 495: / Linje 495: @@
 ===Electrochemical deposition===
 Top-down approach connected to cyclic voltametry
 ==Functionalization of metallic nanoparticles==
-* Ag or Au nanoparticles need a surface layer of a passivating ligand to be stable
+* Metallic nanoparticles need a surface layer of a passivating ligand to be stable
 * Direct functionalization: Reducing agent is passivating ligand
 * Post-synthesis functionalization: Passivating ligand added after synthesis
@@ Linje 518: / Linje 547: @@
 ** At high concentrations: double layer
 ** Alternatively, close packed micelles
-===Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs)===
+===Langmuir adsoption isotherm===
-* One head group interacts with substrate, the other determines properties.
+The Langmuir adsorption isotherm describes how many molecules (often surfactants) that bind to the surface at a given concentration. You get the '''fractional surface coverage''' <math>\theta = \frac{number\;of\;molecules\;adsorbed\;onto\;surface}{number\;of\;molecules\;adsorbed\;at\;monolayer\;coverage} = \frac{N}{N_{mono}}</math>
 === Macromolecular adsorption===
-<br><br>Formation of an adsorbed layer happens in three steps: Diffusion towards surface, attachment, and spreading.
+Formation of an adsorbed layer happens in three steps: Diffusion towards surface, attachment, and spreading.
-<br><br>Adsorption rate: <math>\frac{\delta\Gamma}{\delta t} = k(c^b-c^s)</math> where <math>\Gamma</math> is the surface coverage, k is the diffusion and hydrodynamic rate coefficient, <math>c^s</math> is the subsurface concentration and <math>c^b</math> is the bulk concentration.
+Adsorption rate: <math>\frac{\delta\Gamma}{\delta t} = k(c^b-c^s)</math> where <math>\Gamma</math> is the surface coverage, k is the diffusion and hydrodynamic rate coefficient, <math>c^s</math> is the subsurface concentration and <math>c^b</math> is the bulk concentration.
 ==Optical properties of metallic nanoparticles==
@@ Linje 599: / Linje 644: @@
 * Can be used to carry chemotherapeutic agents with little risk
 * Biologically degradable
 ====Targeting mechanisms====

Birgela: /* Synthesis procedures */

2016-06-10T16:47:52Z

Synthesis procedures

← Eldre sideversjon		Sideversjonen fra 10. jun. 2016 kl. 16:47
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	==Synthesis procedures==		==Synthesis procedures==
	=== Turkevich reaction ===
			===Reduction of metallic particles in solution===

			==== Turkevich reaction ====
	* Citrate reduction of chloride precursor <math>(HAuCl_4)</math>, aqueous phase		* Citrate reduction of chloride precursor <math>(HAuCl_4)</math>, aqueous phase
	* Citrate acts as reducing agent and passivating ligand		* Citrate acts as reducing agent and passivating ligand
Linje 449:		Linje 452:
	* Wide array of surface functionalities through ligand exchange		* Wide array of surface functionalities through ligand exchange

	===Brust reaction===		====Brust reaction====
	* <math>BH_4^-</math> reduction of chloride precursor		* <math>BH_4^-</math> reduction of chloride precursor
	* 1.5-8nm size		* 1.5-8nm size
Linje 455:		Linje 458:
	* Wide array of surface functionalities through ligand exchange		* Wide array of surface functionalities through ligand exchange

	===Goia reaction===		====Goia reaction====
	* Reduction of auric acid with iso-ascorbic acid		* Reduction of auric acid with iso-ascorbic acid
	* Stabilizer-free, like with citrate		* Stabilizer-free, like with citrate
Linje 461:		Linje 464:
	* Tunable particle size through pH, reaction ratios, concentration		* Tunable particle size through pH, reaction ratios, concentration
	* 30-100 nm, or 80-5000 nm if in presence of gum arabic and high Au concentration		* 30-100 nm, or 80-5000 nm if in presence of gum arabic and high Au concentration

			===Colloidal templating===
			Reverse micelles as spherical nanoreactors.
			Two micelle solutions of gold salt and reducing agent respectively. Mixed, and micelles come together by Brownian motion. NP is formed and micelle split into compartments equal to the original size.

			A '''rule of thumb''' is that the NP size is controlled by the micelle size. The micelle size can be controlled by varying the water-surfactant ratio. More water gives larger reverse micelles.

			===Sol-Gel Method===
			Hydrolysis and polycondensation in parallel steps yielding molecular level homogeneity at low processing temperature. (But don't you have to mill it afterwards?)

	===One-pot synthesis===		===One-pot synthesis===
	* Using stimuli-responsive polymers		* Using stimuli-responsive polymers
			* Using globular proteins
	* Using viral templates		* Using viral templates

			===By microorganisms===
			It is being done.

			===Nucleotide-mediated synthesis===
			By using either nucleotides, sugar backbone, DNA, RNA, or synthetic derivatives, selective metal binding can be achieved. The suggested process goes as follows:
			* Initiation
			* Growth
			* Termination
			* Passivation
			* Solubilization

			====SELEX====
			"Natural selection" of biomolecules capable of nanoparticles formation by screening millions of peptides at once, and selecting those who adhere to the metal surface. Multiply these, and repeat to select those who bind strongest.

			===Electrochemical deposition===
			Top-down approach connected to cyclic voltametry

	==Functionalization of metallic nanoparticles==		==Functionalization of metallic nanoparticles==

Birgela: /* One-pot synthesis */

2016-06-10T16:28:25Z

One-pot synthesis

← Eldre sideversjon		Sideversjonen fra 10. jun. 2016 kl. 16:28
Linje 464:		Linje 464:
	===One-pot synthesis===		===One-pot synthesis===
	* Using stimuli-responsive polymers		* Using stimuli-responsive polymers
	* Using tiopronin or co-enzyme A
	* Using globular proteins
	* Using starch-glucose
	* Using viral templates		* Using viral templates

Birgela: /* Optical properties of metallic nanoparticles */

2016-06-10T16:23:28Z

Optical properties of metallic nanoparticles

← Eldre sideversjon		Sideversjonen fra 10. jun. 2016 kl. 16:23
Linje 525:		Linje 525:
	* The molecules do not change by being exposed light		* The molecules do not change by being exposed light
	* The molecules should not aggregate and thereby scatter more light		* The molecules should not aggregate and thereby scatter more light




	===The Mie Model===		===The Mie Model===

Birgela på 10. jun. 2016 kl. 16:22

2016-06-10T16:22:02Z

@@ Linje 438: / Linje 438: @@
 =Pensum Del III (Sulalit Bandyopadhyay)=
 ==Synthesis procedures==
@@ Linje 536: / Linje 497: @@
 === Macromolecular adsorption===
 <br><br>Formation of an adsorbed layer happens in three steps: Diffusion towards surface, attachment, and spreading.
 <br><br>Adsorption rate: <math>\frac{\delta\Gamma}{\delta t} = k(c^b-c^s)</math> where <math>\Gamma</math> is the surface coverage, k is the diffusion and hydrodynamic rate coefficient, <math>c^s</math> is the subsurface concentration and <math>c^b</math> is the bulk concentration.
 ==New drug delivery vectors==
@@ Linje 638: / Linje 629: @@
 =Removed from curriculum=
 ==Basics of membrane materials and separation==